The most important variables to take into account in steeping excellent
tea are the size of the leaf and the temperature of the water. The
larger the leaf, the longer you must steep it; the smaller the leaf, the
more surface it exposes to the water and the more quickly proper infusion
occurs.
Steeping good tea takes two to three minutes for the flaky small
grades, and five to seven minutes for the twisted, larger grades.
Oversteeping tea will cause bitterness. With correct steeping the tannins, or
natural acids, give flavor to the tea. When tea is oversteeped, it is the
tannins that cause bitterness. Fruit and herbal tisanes may steep for as
long as you like without causing bitterness as they contain no tannin.
Hot Tea
"Bring the pot to the kettle, not the kettle to the pot," is the
standard rule because, when steeping tea, water temperature is critical.
Bring water to a 212o F rolling boil to infuse tea. Tea may be steeped in
water as low as 192o F though times and results may vary. Usually about
a level teaspoon is used for every 12 ounces of water. The tea should
be steeped for three to five minutes depending on the type of tea and
personal taste. Once steeping is completed, one should remove the spent
leaves to prevent further infusion.
Iced Tea
Iced tea is truly an American invention. The traditional way to prepare
iced tea is to steep hot tea using 50% more tea than you would normally
use. When the tea is ready, pour it over ice in a tall glass. The extra
strength tea will be mellowed by the melting ice cubes. A good stout
iced tea uses 1 1/2 ounces of tea to a gallon of water.
Clouding
When refrigerated, most teas tend to cloud. This has no effect on the
taste, but it does make for a less attractive presentation. A clouded
pitcher can be cleared by adding a little boiling water to it and
stirring. Steeping with softened water will also diminish clouding.
Sun Tea/ Cold Water Method
To make iced tea that is crystal clear, simply use the cold water
method. Fill a three inch tea ball with tea and put it in a 2 liter jar
filled with cold water. Allow the tea to steep for approximately 8 to 12
hours. The jar can be left at room temperature or refrigerated during
steeping. To create Sun Tea, simply place the jar in a sunny spot and
allow the warmth of the sun to gently assist in the steeping process which
usually takes 6 to 8 hours.
Infusing and Infusers
Single Brew Filters
Single brew Filters are ideal for single cups of tea on the go. Whether
serving just one cup or several the single brew filters let you serve a
variety of teas without washing infusers between cups. To use, simply
place one teaspoon of loose tea in the filter and insert the reusable
stick through the holes in the top. Place the filter in the cup using the
shaped stick to hold it up and pour boiling water over the tea so the
filter is immersed. Steep
2 to 3 or 4 to 5 minutes according to leaf size. Lift the stick
and dispose of the hot filter retaining the stick for further use.
Other Infusers
Other types of infusers include the stainless steel mesh pincher spoon,
the tea ball, the tea spoon, and the bamboo infuser. The bamboo infuser
is primarily used for tisanes and whole leaf or large Herbals.
Teapot
The classic method of steeping tea in a teapot begins by "scalding the
pot" with a bit of boiling water. Some traditionalists fill the pot
with boiling water and let it sit for 3 to 5 minutes. In either case,
"hotting the pot" is the best way to insure the water stay at the proper
temperature to steep the tea. When the tea water is ready, swirl the
"hotting" water around and pour it out in the sink. Next, place loose tea
directly into the teapot, fill with boiling water, and replace the lid.
Allow to steep for the proper time according to tea type and size and
then pour through a mesh strainer into the cup.