Substitutions & Equivalents
Source of Recipe
Grandpoohbah
Allspice, 1 teaspoon
* 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon and 1/2 teaspoon ground cloves
Apple pie spice, 1 teaspoon
* 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon nutmeg and 1/8 teaspoon cardamom
Arrowroot starch, 1-1/2 teaspoon
* 1 tablespoon flour
* 1-1/2 teaspoons cornstarch
Baking powder, 1 teaspoon
* 1/3 teaspoon baking soda and 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar
* 1/4 teaspoon baking soda and 1/2 cup sour milk or buttermilk (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/2 cup)
* 1/4 teaspoon baking soda and 1/2 tablespoon vinegar or lemon juice used with sweet milk to make 1/2 cup (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/2 cup
Bay leaf, 1 whole
* 1/4 teaspoon crushed
Beau Monde seasoning, 1 teaspoon
* 1 teaspoon seasoning or seasoned salt
* 1/2 teaspoon table salt
* 1/2 teaspoon Mei Yen seasoning
Broth, beef or chicken, 1 cup
* 1 bouillon cube dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
* 1 envelope powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
* 1 teaspoon powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
Butter, 1 cup
* 7/8 to 1 cup hydrogenated fat and 1/2 teaspoon salt
* 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 teaspoon salt
* 1 cup margarine
Catsup, 1 cup
* 1 cup tomato sauce, 1/2 cup sugar and 2 tablespoons vinegar (for use in cooking)
Chicken stock base, instant, 1-1/2 teaspoons
* 1 chicken bouillon cube
Chicken stock base, instant, 1 tablespoon dissolved in 1 cup water
* 1 cup canned or homemade chicken broth or chicken stock
Chili sauce, 1 cup
* 1 cup tomato sauce, 1/4 cup brown sugar, 2 tablespoons vinegar, 1/4 teaspoon cinnamon, dash of ground cloves and dash of allspice
Chives, finely chopped, 2 teaspoons
* 2 teaspoons green onion tops, finely chopped
Chocolate chips, semisweet, 1 ounce
* 1 ounce sweet cooking chocolate
Chocolate, semisweet, 1-2/3 ounces
* 1 ounce unsweetened chocolate and 4 teaspoons sugar
Chocolate, semisweet chips, melted, 6-ounce package
* 2 squares unsweetened chocolate, 2 tablespoons shortening and 1/2 cup sugar
Chocolate, unsweetened, 1 ounce or square
* 3 tablespoons cocoa and 1 tablespoon fat
Cocoa, 1/4 cup or 4 tablespoons
* 1 ounce (square) chocolate (decrease fat called for in recipe by 1/2 tablespoon)
Coconut, 1 tablespoon grated, dry
* 1-1/2 tablespoons fresh coconut, grated
Coconut cream, 1 cup
* 1 cup whipping cream
Coconut milk, 1 cup
* 1 cup whole or 2 percent milk
Corn syrup, 1 cup
* 1 cup sugar and 1/4 cup liquid (use whatever liquid is called for in the recipe)
* 1 cup honey
Cornstarch for thickening, 1 tablespoon
* 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
* 2 tablespoons granular tapioca
Cracker crumbs, 3/4 cup
* 1 cup dry bread crumbs
Cream, half-and-half, 1 cup
* 7/8 cup milk and 1/2 tablespoon butter or margarine
* 1 cup evaporated milk, undiluted
Cream, heavy, 36 percent to 40 percent fat, 1 cup
* 3/4 cup milk and 1/3 cup butter or margarine (for use in cooking and baking)
Cream, light, 18 percent to 20 percent fat, 1 cup
* 3/4 cup milk and 3 tablespoons butter or margarine (for use in cooking and baking)
* 1 cup evaporated milk, undiluted
Cream, whipped
* Chill a 13 oz. can of evaporated milk for 12 hours. Add 1 teaspoon lemon juice. Whip until stiff.
Dill plant, fresh or dried, 3 heads
* 1 tablespoon dill seed.
Egg, 1 whole, 3 tablespoons
* 3 tablespoons and 1 teaspoon thawed frozen egg
* 2 1/2 tablespoons sifted, dry whole egg powder and 2 1/2 tablespoons lukewarm water
* 2 yolks and 1 tablespoon water (in cookies)
* 2 yolks (in custards, cream fillings and similar mixtures)
Egg white, 1 white, 2 tablespoons
* 2 tablespoons thawed frozen egg white
* 2 teaspoons sifted, dry egg white powder and 2 tablespoons lukewarm water
Egg yolk, 1 yolk, 1-1/2 tablespoons
* 2 tablespoons sifted, dry egg yolk powder and 2 teaspoons water
* 1-1/3 tablespoons thawed frozen egg yolk
Flour, all-purpose, for thickening, 1 tablespoon
* 1-1/2 teaspoons cornstarch, arrowroot starch, potato starch or rice starch
* 1 tablespoon granular tapioca
* 1 tablespoon waxy rice flour
* 1 tablespoon waxy corn flour
* 2 tablespoons browned flour
* 1-1/2 tablespoons whole wheat flour
* 1/2 tablespoon whole wheat flour and 1/2 tablespoon all-purpose flour
Flour, all-purpose, 1 cup sifted
(Note: Specialty flours added to yeast bread recipes will result in a reduced volume and a heavier product.)
* 1 cup and 2 tablespoons cake flour
* 1 cup minus 2 tablespoons unsifted all-purpose flour
* 1-1/2 cups bread crumbs
* 1 cup rolled oats
* 1/3 cup cornmeal or soybean flour and 2/3 cup all-purpose flour
* 1/2 cup cornmeal, bran, rice flour, rye flour or whole wheat flour and 1/2 cup all-purpose flour
* 3/4 cup whole wheat flour or bran flour and 1/4 cup all-purpose flour
* 1 cup rye or rice flour
* 1/4 cup soybean flour and 3/4 cup all-purpose flour
Flour, cake, 1 cup sifted
* 1 cup minus 2 tablespoons sifted all-purpose flour
Flour, self-rising, 1 cup
* 1 cup minus 2 teaspoons all-purpose flour and 1-1/2 teaspoons baking powder and 1/2 teaspoon salt
Flour, whole wheat
* Substitute whole wheat flour for 1/4 to 1/2 of white flour called for in recipe
Garlic, 1 clove, small
* 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder
Gelatin, flavored, 3-ounce package
* 1 tablespoon plain gelatin and 2 cups fruit juice
Ginger, 1/8 teaspoon, powdered
* 1 tablespoon candied ginger rinsed in water to remove sugar and finely cut
* 1 tablespoon raw ginger
Herbs, fresh, 1 tablespoon, finely cut
* 1 teaspoon dried herbs
Honey, 1 cup
* 1-1/4 cups sugar and 1/4 cup liquid (use liquid called for in recipe)
Horseradish, 1 tablespoon, fresh
* 2 tablespoons bottled
Lemon, 1 teaspoon juice
* 1/2 teaspoon vinegar
Lemon, 1 medium
* 2 to 3 tablespoons juice and 1 to 2 teaspoons rind
Lemon peel, dried, 1 teaspoon
* 1 to 2 teaspoons grated fresh lemon peel
* Grated peel of 1 medium lemon
* 1/2 teaspoon lemon extract
Macaroni, 4 cups cooked, 2 cups, uncooked
* 2 cups spaghetti, uncooked
* 4 cups noodles, uncooked
Maple sugar, 1/2 cup
* 1 cup maple syrup
Maple sugar, grated and packed, 1 tablespoon
* 1 tablespoon white, granulated sugar
Marshmallows, miniature, 1 cup
* 10 large
Mayonnaise for use in salads and salad dressings, 1 cup
* 1/2 cup yogurt and 1/2 cup mayonnaise
* 1 cup sour cream
* 1 cup cottage cheese pureed in a blender
Mei Yen seasoning, 1 teaspoon
* 1 teaspoon Beau Monde seasoning
* 1/2 teaspoon table salt
Milk, buttermilk, 1 cup
* 1 cup plain yogurt
Milk, buttermilk or sour, 1 cup
* 1 cup minus one tablespoon sweet milk and 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar (allow to stand 5 to 10 minutes)
* 1 cup sweet milk and 1-3/4 teaspoons cream of tartar
Milk, evaporated, whole or skim, 1/2 cup plus 1/2 cup water
* 1 cup liquid whole milk
Milk, skim, 1 cup
* 4 to 5 tablespoons nonfat dry milk powder and enough water to make one cup, or follow manufacturer's directions
Milk, skim, 1/4 cup
* 4 teaspoons nonfat dry milk powder plus water to make 1/4 cup, or follow manufacturer's directions
* 2 tablespoons evaporated skim milk and 2 tablespoons water
Milk, sweetened condensed, 1 can, about 1-1/3 cup
* Heat the following ingredients until sugar and butter are dissolved:
* 1/3 cup and 2 tablespoons evaporated milk
* 1 cup sugar
* 3 tablespoons butter or margarine
Milk, sweetened condensed, 1 cup
* Heat the following ingredients until sugar and butter are dissolved:
> 1/3 cup evaporated milk
> 3/4 cup sugar
> 2 tablespoons butter or margarine
* OR: Add 1 cup plus 2 tablespoons dry milk to 1/2 cup warm water. Mix well. Add 3/4 cup sugar and stir until smooth.
Milk, whole, 1 cup
* 1 cup reconstituted nonfat dry milk and 2 teaspoons butter or margarine
* 1/2 cup evaporated milk and 1/2 cup water
* 4 tablespoons whole dry milk and 1 cup water, or follow manufacturer's directions
* 1 cup fruit juice or 1 cup potato water (for use in baking)
* 1/4 cup nonfat dry milk and 2 teaspoons butter or margarine and 7/8 cup water
Mushrooms, 1 pound fresh
* 3 ounces dried mushrooms
* 10-ounce can (8 ounces drained weight)
Mushrooms, powdered, 1 tablespoon
* 3 tablespoons whole, dried mushrooms
* 4 ounces fresh
* 2 ounces canned
Mustard, dry, 1 teaspoon
* 1 tablespoon prepared mustard
Onion, fresh, 1 small
* Rehydrate 1 tablespoon instant minced onion
Onions, instant minced, 1 tablespoon
* 2 tablespoons fresh onion, chopped
Onion powder, 1 tablespoon
* 1 medium onion, chopped
* 4 tablespoons fresh chopped onion
Orange, 1 medium
* 6 to 8 tablespoons juice
Orange peel, dried, 1 tablespoon
* 2 to 3 tablespoons grated fresh orange peel
* Grated peel of 1 medium orange
Orange peel, dried, 2 teaspoons
* 1 teaspoon orange extract
Orange peel, fresh, 1 medium
* 2 to 3 tablespoons grated fresh orange peel
Parsley, dried, 1 teaspoon
* 3 teaspoons fresh parsley, chopped
Peppers, green bell, 1 tablespoon, dried
* 3 tablespoons fresh green pepper, chopped
Peppers, red bell, 1 tablespoon, dried
* 3 tablespoons fresh red bell pepper, chopped
* 2 tablespoons chopped pimiento
Peppermint, dried, 1 tablespoon
* 1/4 cup chopped fresh mint
Pimiento, 2 tablespoons, chopped
* Rehydrate 1 tablespoon dried red bell peppers
* 3 tablespoons fresh red bell pepper, chopped
Pumpkin pie spice, 1 teaspoon
* 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon ginger, 1/8 teaspoon allspice and 1/8 teaspoon nutmeg
Rennet, 1 tablet
* 1 tablespoon liquid rennet
Rice. 3 cups cooked, 1 cup regular, uncooked
* 1 cup uncooked converted rice
* 1 cup uncooked brown rice
* 1 cup uncooked wild rice
Shortening, melted, 1 cup
* 1 cup cooking oil (cooking oil should not be substituted if recipe does not call for melted shortening)
Shortening, solid, used in baking, 1 cup
* 1 cup minus 2 tablespoons lard
* 1-1/8 cups butter (decrease salt called for in recipe by 1/2 teaspoon)
* 1-1/8 cups margarine (decrease salt called for in recipe by 1/2 teaspoon)
Sour cream, cultured, 1 cup
* 3/4 cup sour milk and 1/3 cup butter or margarine
* 3/4 cup buttermilk and 1/3 cup butter or margarine
* Blend until smooth: 1/3 cup buttermilk, 1 tablespoon lemon juice and 1 cup cottage cheese
* 1 cup plain yogurt
* 3/4 cup milk, 3/4 teaspoon lemon juice and 1/3 cup butter or margarine
Spearmint, dried, 1 tablespoon
* 1/4 cup chopped fresh mint
Sugar, brown, 1 cup firmly packed
* 1 cup granulated sugar
Sugar, white, 1 teaspoon
* 1/8 teaspoon noncaloric sweetener solution or follow manufacturer's directions
Sugar, white, 1 cup
* 1 cup corn syrup (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/4 cup)
* 1-1/3 cup molasses (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/3 cup)
* 1 cup powdered sugar
* 1 cup brown sugar, firmly packed
* 1 cup honey (decrease liquid called for in recipe by 1/4 cup)
* 1 3/4 cup confectioners' sugar, packed
Tapioca, granular, 1 tablespoon
* 2 tablespoons pearl tapioca
Tomatoes, Fresh, 2 cups chopped
* 16-ounce can (may need to drain)
Tomatoes, Juice, 1 cup
* 1/2 cup tomato sauce and 1/2 cup water
Worchestershire Sauce, 1 teaspoon
* 1 teaspoon bottled steak sauce
Yeast, active dry, 1 tablespoon
* 1 cake yeast, compressed
* 1 package (1/4 ounce) active dry yeast
Yogurt, plain, 1 cup
* 1 cup buttermilk
* 1 cup cottage cheese blended until smooth
* 1 cup sour cream
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