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Food Substitutes in a Pinch

For bread crumbs:Use any unsweetened dry cereal like crushed corn flakes or wheat flakes. Or try potato flakes.

For 1 pound butter:Use 7/8 Cup solid shortening plus 1/2 tsp. salt.

For 1 cup melted shortening:Use 1 cup salad oil. However, 1 cup oil cannot be substituted for 1 cup solid shortening.

For 1 cup fresh milk:Use 1/2 Cup each evaporated milk and water. Or, one liquid cup of nonfat dry milk and 21/2 tsp. of butter or margarine.

For 1 cup buttermilk:Use 1 tbs. of lemon juice or vinegar added to enough fresh milk to make 1 cup. Let stand for about 5 minutes before using.

For 1 cup heavy cream:Use 2/3 Cup milk and 1/3 Cup butter.

For 1 cup heavy cream, whipped:Use 2/3 cup well-chilled evaporated milk, whipped.

For sweetened condensed milk:No substitution.

For eggs:If you're one egg short in a recipe that calls for several,just add 1 tsp. cornstarch.Or add 3 to 4 extra tbs. of the liquid used in the recipe.

For flour:Use 1 tbs. cornstarch instead of 2 tbs. of flour. Also try instant potatoes or cornmeal.

For 1 cup cake flour:Use 1 cup less 2 tbs. all-purpose flour.
For 1 cup all-purpose flour:Use 1 cup plus 2 tbs. sifted cake flour.
For white sugar:Use brown sugar.

For superfine sugar:Blend regular granulated sugar in the blender.

For corn syrup:Use 1/4 Cup water plus 1 cup of sugar.

For honey:Use 11/4 Cups of sugar plus 1/4 Cup water (or other liquid used in recipe) to equal 1 cup of honey.

For vanilla extract:Use grated lemon rind, orange rind, cinnamon or nutmeg for flavoring.

For unsweetened chocolate:Use 1 tbs. of shortening plus 3 tbs.

of unsweetened cocoa for 1 square of unsweetened chocolate.

For 1 tbs. cornstarch:Use 2 tbs. flour or 4 tsp. quick cooking tapioca.

For 1 tsp. baking powder:Use 1 tsp. baking soda plus 1/2 tsp.

cream of tartar. Or, 1/4 tsp. baking soda and 1/2 Cup sour milk, buttermilk or molasses. Reduce other liquid by 1/2 Cup.

For fresh herbs and spices:Use 1/3 the amount in the dried form. Dried herbs are more concentrated.

For 1 tsp. allspice:Use 1 tsp. cinnamon plus 1/8 tsp. ground cloves.

For 1 tsp. oregano:Use 1 tsp. marjoram.

For 1 clove garlic:Use 1/8 tsp. instant minced or garlic powder or 1/2 tsp. garlic salt.

For 1 small onion:Use 1 tbs. instant minced or 1 tsp. onion powder.

For 1 medium lemon:Use 1 tsp. grated rind plus 2 tbs. lemon juice.

For 1/2 pound mushrooms:Use 4 ounces canned mushroom caps.

For 1 pound mushrooms:Use 21/2 - 3 ounces dried mushrooms.

For ketchup:Add 1 cup of tomato sauce to 1-1/4 Cups of brown sugar, 2 tbs. of vinegar, 1/4 tsp. cinnamon and a pinch of ground cloves and allspice.