Emergency Substitutions
Source of Recipe
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Even if your kitchen is usually stocked, there is still a chance that you will run out of something once you have started following a recipe. It's a good idea to not use more that one substitution at a time for a recipe. Making one slight change will be fine, but the more changes you make, the higher the chance of it not turning out correctly either in taste or texture. These substitutions also may change the nutritional values of the recipe, either for better or for worse. If you are counting calories, carbs, sugars, fats or anything else, be sure to adjust your counts accordingly with any substitutions you make. If the middle column says "equal," simply use the substitution in the amount equal to what is required.
Ingredient Amount Possible Substitutions
Dairy Products Buttermilk 1 cup 1 tbsp vinegar or lemon juice plus enough milk to make 1 cup total, or 1 cup plain yogurt
Milk, whole 1 cup 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water, or 1/3 cup dry milk plus 1 cup water
Eggs, large 2 large eggs 3 small eggs
Egg (for baking) 1 1 tsp cornstarch plus 1/4 cup water
Egg 1 whole egg 2 egg yolks plus 1 tbsp water, or 1/4 cup egg substitute
Half and half 1 cup 7/8 cup milk plus 3 tbsp butter
Light cream 1 cup 2 tbsp butter plus enough milk to total one cup
Cream 1 cup 1/3 cup butter plus 3/4 cup milk
Sour Cream 1 cup 1 cup plain yogurt, or 7/8 cup buttermilk plus 3 tbsp butter
Yogurt, plain equal 1 cup sour cream
Margarine or butter (for baking) 1 cup 1 cup hard shortening, or 7/8 cup vegetable oil
Shortening equal Butter or margarine
Asiago cheese equal Parmesan cheese
Ricotta cheese equal Cottage cheese
Baking Needs Flour (for thickening) 1 tbsp 1 1/2 tsp cornstarch, rice flour, or tapioca
Self rising flour 1 cup 1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 tsp baking powder and 1/2 tsp salt
Cake flour 1 cup 1 cup minus 2 tbsp all-purpose flour
Baking mix (like Bisquick) 1 cup 1 cup flour plus 1 1/2 tsp baking powder plus 1/2 tsp salt plus 3 tbsp solid shortening
Tapioca 1 tbsp 1 1/2 tbsp all-purpose flour
Cornstarch 1 tbsp 2 tbsp all-purpose flour
Sugar 1 cup 1 cup honey but reduce liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup
Powdered (confectioner’s) sugar 1 cup 1 cup sugar plus 1 cup cornstarch mixed in food processor
Light brown sugar 1 cup 1 cup granulated sugar plus 2 tbsp molasses
Dark brown sugar 1 cup 3/4 cup of granulated sugar plus 1/4 cup molasses
Palm sugar equal Maple sugar, or brown sugar blended with maple syrup to moisten
Honey 1 cup 1 1/4 cups sugar plus 1/4 cup water
Molasses equal 1 cup honey
Corn syrup 1 cup 2/3 cup sugar plus 1/3 cup hot water and cool to room temperature before using
Chocolate, semisweet 1 oz 1 oz unsweetened chocolate plus 1 tbsp sugar, or 3 tbsp chocolate chips
Chocolate, semisweet chips 1/2 cup 3 oz semisweet chocolate
Chocolate, unsweetened 1 oz 3 tbsp unsweetened cocoa plus 1 tbsp margarine or oil
Vinegar 1 tsp 2 tsp lemon juice
Yeast, active dry 1 packet 2 1/2 tsp dry yeast ,or 1/3 cake yeast crumbled
Baking powder 1 tsp 1/4 tsp baking soda plus 1/2 tsp cream of tartar
Oil 1 cup 1/2 lb butter, or 1 cup melted shortening, or 1 cup melted margarine
Bread crumbs 1 cup 3/4 cup cracker crumbs
Seasonings and Flavorings Herbs, fresh 1 tbsp 1 tsp dried herb of same type
Herbs, dried 1 tsp 1 tbsp of same herb fresh
Garlic 1 clove 1/8 tsp garlic powder or minced dried garlic
Vanilla bean 1 inch 1 tsp vanilla extract
Allspice, ground 1 tsp 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon and 1/2 tsp ground cloves
Mustard (prepared) 1 tbsp 1 tsp dry mustard
Pumpkin pie spice 1 tsp 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon plus 1/4 tsp ground ginger plus 1/8 tsp ground allspice plus 1/8 tsp ground nutmeg
Italian seasoning 3 tsp 1 tsp oregano plus 1 tsp basil plus 1 tsp sage
Saffron 1/8 tsp 1/2 tsp tumeric
Onion 1 small onion 1 tsp onion powder, or 1 tbsp minced dried onion re-hydrated
Lemon, fresh juice 1 medium lemon 2-3 tbsp bottled lemon juice
Lemon juice 1 tsp 1/2 tsp vinegar
Lemon peel 1 tsp 1/2 tsp lemon extract
Lemon grass equal Grated lemon zest mixed with a bit of fresh lemon juice
Orange, fresh juice 1 medium orange 1/4 to 1/3 cup orange juice
Amaretto 2 tbsp 1/4 to 1/2 tsp almond extract
Sherry 2 tbsp 1 to 2 tsp vanilla extract
Marsala 1/4 cup 1/4 cup dry wine plus 1 tsp brandy
White wine equal White grape juice or apple juice
Red wine 1/4 cup 1 tbsp balsamic or red wine vinegar
Tomato sauce 2 cups 3/4 cup tomato paste plus 1 cup water
Tomato juice 1 cup 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water
Tomatoes, canned 1 cup Simmer 1 1/3 cup fresh tomato wedges for 10 minutes
Cocktail sauce 1 cup 1 cup ketchup plus 2 tbsp horseradish (or to taste)
Ketchup 1 cup 1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/4 cup sugar plus 2 tbsp vinegar
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